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Periodic mass revisions of electoral rolls and renewed demands for citizenship verification are raising fears of disenfranchisement among India’s most marginalized groups. India boasts one of the world's largest commitments to universal franchise. Every Indian adult has an equal right to elect the nation’s lawmakers, no matter their religion, caste, gender, language, education, income, or social status. India’s elections are based on universal adult suffrage per Article 326 of the Constitution. However, exercising that right universally depends on a nation’s electoral laws and voter registration procedures.

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Fall 2025: Issue 43