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Press freedom is rarely lost in one fell swoop. Usually it's chipped away at—by shifts in ownership, economic coercion, bullying by regulators, legal harassment, restricted access and … the mainstreaming of self-censorship. India's startling transformation under Prime Minister Narendra Modi shows how that works. Once considered the world's largest democracy with a robustly diverse press system, India has increasingly seen the mainstream press become a rubber stamp for the government's agenda.

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Fall 2025: Issue 43