Syed Ali Geelani, a name synonymous with Kashmir’s resistance movement, lived a life defined by unwavering commitment to the cause of self-determination. Born on September 29, 1929, in the Baramulla district of North Kashmir, Geelani emerged as a symbol of defiance against Indian rule, a figure whose life and legacy continue to inspire those who fight for freedom in the face of oppression. His journey from a modest village to becoming the face of Kashmiri resistance is a testament to his enduring spirit and the power of conviction.
A Life Dedicated to the Cause
From his early years, Geelani was deeply influenced by the political realities of Kashmir, a region marked by conflict and strife. His political awakening came through his involvement with Jamaat-e-Islami, an organization that played a crucial role in advocating for the rights of Kashmiris. Geelani’s commitment to the cause of Kashmiri freedom was evident from the outset, as he became a vocal critic of Indian policies in the region and a staunch advocate for the right to self-determination.
Geelani’s dedication to the cause was unyielding, even in the face of immense personal sacrifice. Over the years, he faced multiple arrests, house arrests, and relentless persecution by the Indian authorities. Despite these challenges, Geelani never wavered in his beliefs, standing firm against the pressures exerted by the Indian state. His defiance in the face of adversity made him a symbol of resistance for many Kashmiris, who saw in him a leader who truly represented their aspirations for freedom.
House Arrest and Isolation
For more than a decade, from 2010 until his death in 2021, Geelani was placed under house arrest by Indian authorities. His home in Srinagar became a fortress, heavily barricaded and cut off from the outside world. The Indian state’s efforts to isolate Geelani were part of a broader strategy to weaken the resistance movement by targeting its most prominent leaders. Yet, despite being physically isolated, Geelani’s influence continued to permeate the fabric of Kashmiri society.
The Kashmiri diaspora and freedom lovers worldwide vowed to keep Geelani’s legacy alive by commemorating his birth and death anniversaries. Their commitment to honoring his memory was a testament to the lasting impact of his life and the ideals he stood for. Geelani’s treatment during his final years underscored the extent of India’s disregard for human rights in Kashmir. Denied the right to travel abroad for medical treatment, or even to attend a book fair at Kashmir University, Geelani’s plight was a stark reminder of the oppressive measures employed by the Indian state to silence dissent.
The Final Insult: Geelani’s Burial
Geelani’s death on September 1, 2021, was not just the passing of a revered leader; it also sparked outrage over the manner in which his body was handled by the Indian authorities. His family alleged that Indian forces forcibly took his body and buried it in a deserted location, far from the Martyrs Graveyard in Srinagar where Geelani had wished to be laid to rest. This act of denying a dying man’s last wish was seen as a final insult by the Indian state, a reflection of its deep-seated animosity towards Geelani.
The forcible burial of Geelani’s body was widely condemned, not only by his supporters but also by human rights organizations. The fact that Geelani’s relatives were subsequently booked under the draconian Public Safety Act (PSA) added to the sense of injustice. The PSA, a law originally intended to combat criminal activities, had long been used by the Indian state as a tool to suppress political dissent in Kashmir. Geelani’s opposition to such laws was well-known, and his death only highlighted the ongoing struggle for justice in the region.
Political Beliefs and Strategy
Geelani’s political beliefs were rooted in the conviction that Kashmir’s future lay with Pakistan. However, he was also pragmatic in his approach, recognizing that a plebiscite, which he saw as the most democratic way to resolve the Kashmir issue, might not necessarily result in the outcome he desired. Geelani often stated that he would accept the results of a plebiscite even if Kashmiris chose to remain with India, demonstrating his commitment to democratic principles over personal or ideological preferences.
Geelani’s refusal to participate in peace talks with Delhi set him apart from many of his contemporaries. He viewed the talks as a ruse by the Indian government to maintain the status quo in Kashmir, and his decision to distance himself from the Hurriyat Conference after some leaders sent proxy candidates to fight assembly elections was a reflection of his belief in the futility of such negotiations. Geelani’s stance was ultimately vindicated as the peace talks failed to bring about any meaningful change in the situation in Kashmir, reinforcing his status as a leader who remained true to his principles.
A Legacy of Defiance
Geelani’s legacy is one of defiance, not just against Indian rule, but against all forms of oppression and injustice. His life was a testament to the power of conviction and the importance of standing up for one’s beliefs, even in the face of overwhelming odds. He was a symbol of resistance, a leader who refused to be cowed by the might of the Indian state, and whose voice continued to inspire the people of Kashmir long after his death.
The international community’s response to Geelani’s death and the treatment he received in his final years has been mixed. While some have condemned the Indian state’s actions, others have remained silent, reflecting the geopolitical complexities that often overshadow human rights concerns. However, for the people of Kashmir, Geelani remains a hero, a man who dedicated his life to the cause of freedom and whose legacy will continue to inspire future generations.
Conclusion
Syed Ali Geelani’s life was a beacon of hope for the people of Kashmir, a symbol of resistance against an oppressive regime. His unwavering commitment to the cause of self-determination, despite the immense personal cost, has left an indelible mark on the history of Kashmir’s struggle for freedom. As the people of Kashmir and the broader diaspora continue to honor his memory, Geelani’s legacy serves as a powerful reminder of the enduring spirit of resistance and the unyielding pursuit of justice in the face of tyranny.